Financing Education Equitably & Sources of Revenue Essay

Financing Education Equitably & Sources of Revenue - Essay Example But are these funds enough to cater for the rising population? The issue of funds allocation in the education system has over the years been debatable. 1. In the modern century, several trends have come up which detects the mode of allocation and expenditure of the funds. In general the trends are developed to determine the school district wealth. One of the most used methods is the determining of the state’s current operating expenditure per pupil (COEPP). The measurement covers expenditure on curriculum materials and teacher’s salaries. It is also inclusive of administration and student’s transportation charges. Generally, it detects the difference in expenditure costs per children in different regions of the country. This trend however provides a good field to fraud the government. According to Brimley & Rulon (2008) the trend can be easily fraud by increasing the totals in the expenditures which will provide unnecessary inequality. Another trend is the assump tion of activities and projects to be undertaken by a school at the start of every educational year. These assumptions are obtained from the regional school calendar. The calendar contains all the possible events of the year and their financial estimates. Apart from the activities there is also the determination of possible curriculum changes. The teachers’ funds are also included in the estimates. The estimates and assumptions are close to accurate which provides less probability for great deficits. After the allocation of these funds the regional schools are provided with surplus cash which will cover small adjustments in the course of the year. With these allocations, there is prior planning and management of these funds and school projects. However, if in the course of the year there are major adjustments it could be difficult for regions to tackle the issues. Another shortcoming is that schools may be forced to stick to a particular program and curriculum thus preventing elasticity (Brimley & Rulon, 2008). 2 a. Equity: This is the financial benefits of investors after all liabilities have been accounted for. In educational matters if refers to the benefits the students will have from allocation of funds. Generally, it can be referred to the value of an institution or organization’s assets after all debts and liabilities have been cleared. b. Regressive tax: This is a tax whereby the taxation rate reduces while the amount subject to taxation increases. c. Proportional tax: This is tax whereby the tax rate remained fixed. The amount subject to taxation is directly proportional to the amount of the tax. d. Progressive tax: this is a tax imposed whereby the tax rate increases while the amount subject to taxation also increases. e. Tennessee Basic Education Program (BEP): this is a money generating and funding program whereby state education funds are generated and distributed to Tennessee schools. f. ADA: It is the acronym of Average Daily Atten dance. The average student attendance helps in the determining of allocation of funds. ADA is calculated by the number of days of school attendance by a student divided by the number of the days teachers taught in the school (Brimley & Rulon, 2008). For example, if Isaac attended 142 days of the total 142 of teaching days, he has a 1.0 ADA. g. ADM: it the acronym of Average Daily Membership. This is the count of residential and state based

Challenging perspective in research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Challenging perspective in research - Essay Example According to him: â€Å"Looking at the different cultures of the world, one finds that no society is classless that is un-stratified. There are some primitive communities so small that no class strata appear, the social organization resting almost entirely on age, sex and kinship; but even here chieftainship individual prowess and clan or family properly introduce an incipient stratification.† (Davis and Moore, 1945: 242, quoted in Zaidi, 1997: 29) A child learns the process of interaction with other individuals from family and the peer group. All the parents try to bring up their children within the best possible atmosphere. The resources play pivotal role in the socialization of the individuals in a society. The members belonging to the upper class contain better opportunities to educate and nurture their children, and thus can make them more civilized and cultured ones in the future years to come, whereas the lower classes lack proper sources and opportunities that may influence their children. Rothstein has also defined the fact in the following words: â€Å"Parents of different social classes often have different child-rearing styles. It makes sense when you think about it: If upper-middle-class parents have jobs where they are expected to collaborate with fellow employees or create new solutions to problems, they are more likely to talk to their children in open-ended ways that differ from how parents address children if their own jobs simply require following orders. Children raised by middle-class parents will, on average, have more inquisitive attitudes toward academic material than children raised by working- class parents. No matter how competent a schoolteacher, lower-class children’s achievement will, on average, almost inevitably be less. Because the achievement gap already exists by age 3, it is unlikely to be narrowed without expensive infant and toddler centers where lower-class children can be